|
Carol Martha Browner (born December 16, 1955) is an American lawyer, environmentalist, and businesswoman, who served as director of the White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2011. Browner previously served as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) during the Clinton administration from 1993 to 2001. Browner grew up in Florida and graduated from the University of Florida and the University of Florida College of Law. After working for the Florida House of Representatives, she was employed by Citizen Action in Washington, D.C. She became a legislative assistant for Senators Lawton Chiles and Al Gore. Browner then headed the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation from 1991 to 1993, where she turned it into one of the most active departments in the state government. She was the longest-serving administrator in the history of the EPA, staying through both terms of the Clinton presidency. During her tenure, she reorganized the agency's enforcement structure and oversaw two new programs designed to create flexible partnerships with industry as an alternative to traditional regulation. She started a successful program to deal with contaminated lands in urban areas. She took the lead within the administration in defending existing environmental laws and budgets, and was the driving force behind a stringent tightening of air quality standards that led to a prolonged political and legal battle. Afterward, Browner became a founding member of the Albright Group and Albright Capital Management during the 2000s (decade). She also served on a number of boards of directors and committees dealing with environmental issues. Her director role in the Obama administration was sometimes informally referred to as the "Energy Czar" or "Climate Czar". Her efforts towards getting comprehensive climate and energy legislation passed in Congress came to no avail, but she assumed a prominent role in the federal government's response to the BP ''Deepwater Horizon'' oil spill during 2010. She left her position in 2011 and the job itself was abolished shortly thereafter. Following that she rejoined the Albright Stonebridge Group, continued being active in several boards of environmental organizations, and became an advocate for nuclear energy in response to the dangers of global warming. == Early life and education == Born in Miami, Florida,〔 〕 Browner is the daughter of Isabella Harty-Hugues and Michael Browner, both of whom were professors at Miami Dade Community College, in social science and English respectively.〔 She has two younger sisters.〔 Browner grew up in South Miami, and her hikes in the nearby Everglades – only a bicycle ride away from her house〔 – gave her a close connection to the natural world:〔 "I was very shaped by growing up in that kind of environment where nature was right there." Browner received her B.A. degree from the University of Florida in 1977, majoring in English.〔〔 She then graduated from the University of Florida College of Law with a J.D. degree in 1979.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carol Browner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|